Some of the tests you may have include: sigmoidoscopy – where a thin, flexible tube with a small camera and light is inserted into your bottom to check for any abnormalities; proctoscopy – where the inside of your rectum is examined using a hollow tube-like instrument (proctoscope) with a light on the end and biopsy – where a small tissue sample is removed from your anus during a sigmoidoscopy or proctoscopy so it can be examined in a laboratory under a microscope. If these tests suggest you have anal cancer, you may have some scans to check whether the cancer has spread. Once these are complete, your doctors will be able to “stage” the cancer. This means giving it a score to describe how large it is and how far it has spread.
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